Asahi Linux brings full desktop functionality to Apple Silicon Macs with native driver support. If you are wondering how to install Asahi Linux on your M1 or M2 Mac, this guide walks you through every step clearly and safely. You do not need to be a Linux expert to get started, but you should follow the instructions carefully to avoid data loss.
Asahi Linux is not a standard distribution you download and burn to a USB stick. Instead, it uses a specialized installer that runs inside macOS. This installer partitions your drive, downloads the latest Fedora-based Asahi Linux image, and sets up a dual-boot system. The entire process takes about 30 minutes, depending on your internet speed.
Before you begin, back up your Mac completely. While the installer is reliable, partitioning always carries some risk. Use Time Machine or another backup method to protect your files.
Prerequisites For Installation
You need a few things ready before you start. First, ensure your Mac has an Apple Silicon chip (M1, M1 Pro, M1 Max, M1 Ultra, M2, M2 Pro, M2 Max, or M2 Ultra). Asahi Linux does not work on Intel Macs.
Your Mac must run macOS 12.3 or later. Check your macOS version by clicking the Apple menu and selecting “About This Mac.” If you are on an older version, update macOS first through System Settings.
You also need at least 50 GB of free space on your internal drive. Asahi Linux requires its own partition, and the base installation takes about 15 GB, but you will want room for applications and files.
Finally, make sure you have a stable internet connection. The installer downloads several gigabytes of data, so a wired connection or strong Wi-Fi is recommended.
How To Install Asahi Linux
Now you are ready for the main process. Follow these steps exactly to install Asahi Linux on your Apple Silicon Mac.
Step 1: Open Terminal In MacOS
Launch the Terminal application from your Applications folder under Utilities. You can also search for it using Spotlight (Command + Space, then type “Terminal”).
Keep Terminal open for the entire installation. Do not close it until the installer finishes.
Step 2: Run The Asahi Linux Installer Command
Copy and paste the following command into Terminal, then press Enter:
curl -sL https://alx.sh | sh
This command downloads and runs the official Asahi Linux installer script. You will be prompted to enter your macOS administrator password. Type it and press Enter. The terminal will not show characters as you type for security reasons.
Step 3: Choose Your Installation Mode
The installer presents several options. For most users, the default “Full Install” is best. This installs the complete Asahi Linux desktop environment with all drivers and applications.
If you want a minimal system, you can choose “Minimal Install” later, but for a first-time user, stick with Full Install. The installer will ask you to confirm your choice.
Step 4: Select The Disk And Partition Size
The installer scans your internal drive and shows you available disks. Select your main Macintosh HD disk. You will then be asked how much space to allocate for Asahi Linux. Use the arrow keys to adjust the partition size.
A good starting point is 60 GB. This gives you enough room for the operating system, a few applications, and some personal files. If you plan to use Asahi Linux heavily, consider 100 GB or more.
Confirm your selection when prompted. The installer will now resize your macOS partition and create a new partition for Linux.
Step 5: Wait For The Download And Installation
The installer downloads the Asahi Linux image and sets up the bootloader. This step takes 10 to 20 minutes depending on your internet speed. Do not interrupt the process or close your MacBook lid.
You will see progress messages in Terminal. When the installation completes, you will be asked to set a password for the root user. Choose a strong password and remember it.
Step 6: Reboot Into Asahi Linux
After installation, the installer will ask if you want to reboot into Asahi Linux now. Type “y” and press Enter. Your Mac will restart.
When the startup chime sounds, press and hold the power button until you see “Loading startup options.” You should see two options: macOS and Asahi Linux. Select Asahi Linux and click the arrow to boot into it.
Step 7: Complete The First-Time Setup
Asahi Linux boots into a graphical setup wizard. Choose your language, keyboard layout, timezone, and create a user account. This is similar to setting up a new Mac.
Once the setup finishes, you will see the Asahi Linux desktop. Congratulations, you have successfully installed Asahi Linux on your Apple Silicon Mac.
Post-Installation Steps
After installation, you should update the system and install any missing drivers. Open a terminal inside Asahi Linux and run:
sudo dnf update
This command updates all packages to the latest versions. Reboot after the update to apply any kernel changes.
Asahi Linux includes native GPU drivers for M1 and M2 chips, but you may need to install additional firmware for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. The installer usually handles this automatically, but if you have connectivity issues, run:
sudo dnf install asahi-firmware
Check the official Asahi Linux documentation for any hardware-specific instructions. The community is active and provides regular updates.
Dual-Booting Between MacOS And Asahi Linux
Your Mac now has both macOS and Asahi Linux installed. To switch between them, restart your Mac and hold the power button until you see the startup options screen. Select the operating system you want to use.
You can also set a default startup disk in macOS System Settings under “Startup Disk.” Choose either macOS or Asahi Linux as your default. To change it later, hold the power button during boot.
Keep in mind that Asahi Linux cannot access macOS files by default, and macOS cannot read Linux partitions. This is normal for dual-boot setups. You can share files using a separate exFAT partition or cloud storage.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
If the installer fails, check your internet connection and ensure you have enough free space. Some users report issues with macOS FileVault enabled. If FileVault is on, disable it temporarily in System Settings under “Privacy & Security.”
If your Mac does not boot into Asahi Linux after installation, try resetting the NVRAM. Shut down your Mac, then press and hold the power button for 10 seconds. Release it and press again to start. This should refresh the boot picker.
Another common issue is the installer hanging at “Waiting for device.” This usually indicates a disk error. Run Disk Utility from macOS Recovery and repair your disk before retrying the installation.
If you see a black screen after booting Asahi Linux, your GPU drivers may not be loaded correctly. Boot into recovery mode by holding Command + R during startup, then reinstall Asahi Linux using the same installer command.
For persistent problems, visit the Asahi Linux GitHub issues page or the community forum. Many users have encountered and solved similar problems.
Removing Asahi Linux
If you decide you no longer want Asahi Linux, you can remove it easily. Boot into macOS and open Terminal. Run the following command:
curl -sL https://alx.sh | sh -s -- --uninstall
This command removes the Asahi Linux partition and restores your macOS partition to its original size. Your data on macOS remains untouched. After the uninstall, restart your Mac to complete the process.
You can also manually delete the Linux partition using Disk Utility, but the automated uninstaller is safer and simpler.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I Install Asahi Linux On An Intel Mac?
No, Asahi Linux only supports Apple Silicon Macs (M1 and M2 series). Intel Macs have different hardware that is not compatible.
Will Asahi Linux Void My Mac Warranty?
No, installing Asahi Linux does not void your hardware warranty. Apple may refuse software support if you have a dual-boot system, but hardware repairs are unaffected.
Can I Use Asahi Linux For Daily Work?
Yes, Asahi Linux is stable enough for daily use, but some features like Thunderbolt and external display support are still being developed. Check the official website for the latest compatibility list.
How Do I Update Asahi Linux After Installation?
Open a terminal in Asahi Linux and run sudo dnf update. This updates all packages including the kernel and drivers. Reboot after updating.
Is It Safe To Install Asahi Linux On My Main Mac?
Yes, the installer is designed to be safe and non-destructive. However, always back up your data before partitioning your drive. The installer creates a separate partition without touching your macOS files.
Final Thoughts On Asahi Linux Installation
Installing Asahi Linux on your Apple Silicon Mac opens up a world of possibilities. You get a full Linux desktop with native performance, access to open-source software, and a customizable environment. The process is straightforward if you follow the steps above.
Remember to keep your system updated and check the Asahi Linux blog for news about driver improvements and new features. The project is actively developed, and each update brings better hardware support.
If you run into any issues, the community is friendly and helpful. Do not hesitate to ask for assistance on forums or social media. With a little patience, you will have a fully functional dual-boot system running both macOS and Asahi Linux.
Now that you know how to install Asahi Linux, go ahead and give it a try. Your Apple Silicon Mac has never been more versatile.